Let’s drink to Zeno.
Tuesday, January 27th, 2009 by Bobby WhitmanOne of the more interesting bits in the history of mathematics is Zeno’s Paradox. Zeno’s Paradox goes a long way in demonstrating the infinitude of the real numbers.
It can be stated as follows: In order to walk from one end of the room to another, I must first cover half of the distance and walk to middle of the room, but before I can walk to the middle of the room, I must cover half of the distance to the middle and walk one-quarter of the room, but before I walk one-quarter of the room, I must walk half that and walk 1/8 of the room, and so on.
As I can divide by two ad infinitum, I must execute an infinite number of tasks in order to walk across the room, thus it is not possible.
Furthermore, because the set { …, 1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1 } has no first term, I am not even able to begin the task of walking the length of the room.
Now, what we can extrapolate from this is pretty cool. Zeno shows that between 0 and 1 there are infinitely many numbers. But 0 and 1 were arbitrary end points. Suppose, we wish to go from 1/4 to 1/2, we must first find ourselves at 3/8. Hence, we can use this same construction and show that there are infinitely many real numbers between 1/4 and 1/2. In fact, between any two number (no matter which numbers we choose) there are infinitely many numbers that fall between them.
I was reminded of Zeno this evening as I was browsing MIT OpenCourseWare. I found a course that I am going to teach myself, in fact, the two text are on their way from Amazon. The title of the course is Paradoxes & Infinity, and Zeno’s Paradox is the first topic discussed.
The lecturer gets the course off to a fun start by presenting the perfect hangover cure (PDF), theoretically speaking. It is based on Zeno’s Paradox, and much like how you can never get from one end of your room to the other, this mathematician explains how you never need to feel the effects of a hangover.
I’ll drink to that.
